Massive simple parallel computing

This diagram presents a systematic framework that defines the essence of AI LLMs as “Massive Simple Parallel Computing” and systematically outlines the resulting issues and challenges that need to be addressed.

Core Definition of AI LLM: “Massive Simple Parallel Computing”

Massive: Enormous scale with billions of parameters Simple: Fundamentally simple computational operations (matrix multiplications, etc.) Parallel: Architecture capable of simultaneous parallel processing Computing: All of this implemented through computational processes

Core Issues Arising from This Essential Nature

Big Issues:

  • Black-box unexplainable: Incomprehensibility due to massive and complex interactions
  • Energy-intensive: Enormous energy consumption inevitably arising from massive parallel computing

Essential Requirements Therefore Needed

Very Required:

  • Verification: Methods to ensure reliability of results given the black-box characteristics
  • Optimization: Approaches to simultaneously improve energy efficiency and performance

The Ultimate Question: “By What?”

How can we solve all these requirements?

In other words, this framework poses the fundamental question about specific solutions and approaches to overcome the problems inherent in the essential characteristics of current LLMs. This represents a compressed framework showing the core challenges for next-generation AI technology development.

The diagram effectively illustrates how the defining characteristics of LLMs directly lead to significant challenges, which in turn demand specific capabilities, ultimately raising the critical question of implementation methodology.

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Parallel Processing

Parallel Processing System Analysis

System Architecture

1. Input Stage – Independent Processing

  • Multiple tasks are simultaneously input into the system in parallel
  • Each task can be processed independently of others

2. Central Processing Network

Blue Nodes (Modification Work)

  • Processing units that perform actual data modifications or computations
  • Handle parallel incoming tasks simultaneously

Yellow Nodes (Propagation Work)

  • Responsible for propagating changes to other nodes
  • Handle system-wide state synchronization

3. Synchronization Stage

  • Objective: “Work & Wait To Make Same State”
  • Wait until all nodes reach identical state
  • Essential process for ensuring data consistency

Performance Characteristics

Advantage: Massive Parallel

  • Increased throughput through large-scale parallel processing
  • Reduced overall processing time by executing multiple tasks simultaneously

Disadvantage: Massive Wait Cost

  • Wait time overhead for synchronization
  • Entire system must wait for the slowest node
  • Performance degradation due to synchronization overhead

Key Trade-off

Parallel processing systems must balance performance enhancement with data consistency:

  • More parallelism = Higher performance, but more complex synchronization
  • Strong consistency guarantee = Longer wait times, but stable data state

This concept is directly related to the CAP Theorem (Consistency, Availability, Partition tolerance), which is a fundamental consideration in distributed system design.

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