This diagram illustrates two main power switching methods used in electrical systems: ATS (Automatic Transfer Switch) and STS (Static Transfer Switch).
System Configuration
- Power Sources: Utility grid and Generator
- Protection: UPS systems
- Load: Server infrastructure
ATS (Automatic Transfer Switch)
Location: Switchgear Area (Power Distribution Board)
Characteristics:
- Mechanism: Mechanical breakers/contacts
- Transfer Time: Several seconds (including generator start-up)
- Advantages: Relatively simple, lower cost
- Application: Standard power transfer systems
STS (Static Transfer Switch)
Location: Panelboard Area (Distribution Panel)
Characteristics:
- Mechanism: Semiconductor devices (SCR, IGBT)
- Transfer Time: A few milliseconds (near seamless)
- Advantages: Ensures high-quality power supply
- Disadvantages: Expensive
Key Differences
- Transfer Speed: STS is significantly faster (milliseconds vs seconds)
- Technology: ATS uses mechanical switching, STS uses electronic switching
- Cost: ATS is more economical
- Power Quality: STS provides more stable power delivery
- Complexity: STS requires more sophisticated semiconductor control
Applications
- ATS: Suitable for applications that can tolerate brief power interruptions
- STS: Critical for sensitive equipment like servers, data centers, and medical facilities requiring uninterrupted power
Summary: This diagram shows a redundant power system where ATS provides cost-effective backup power switching while STS offers near-instantaneous transfer for critical loads. Both systems work together with UPS backup to ensure continuous power supply to servers and sensitive equipment.
With Claude
Lechuck Park 