Tag: l3

Switching/Routing L2-L7

Posted on by lechuck park

From Gemini with some prompting
The image illustrates how network switches differentiate packets from Layer 2 (L2) to Layer 7 (L7) based on the OSI model. The central image depicts a switch or router forwarding a specific packet, highlighting the criteria used for identification at each layer.

Layer-by-Layer Explanation:

L2 Switch:

  • Distinguishing criteria: MAC address
  • Function: Frame switching
  • Key feature: Uses hardware-based switching for fast performance
  • Limitation: Does not consider network layer information

L3 Switch:

  • Distinguishing criteria: IP address
  • Function: Packet switching, routing
  • Key feature: Supports inter-VLAN routing and network segmentation
  • Limitation: Does not utilize L4 and L7 information

L4 Switch:

  • Distinguishing criteria: TCP/UDP port number
  • Function: Packet switching, load balancing
  • Key feature: Facilitates application-specific traffic control and load balancing
  • Limitation: Disregards L7 information

L7 Switch:

  • Distinguishing criteria: HTTP URL, payload
  • Function: Application gateway, content filtering
  • Key feature: Offers granular control over application-level traffic and security
  • Complexity: Requires more complex configuration and management